The Maltese is one of the most beloved toy dog breeds in the world, known for its long, silky white coat and affectionate personality. Whether you’re considering adding a Maltese puppy to your family or already have one, this detailed guide will cover everything you need—from their origin and history to diet, training, grooming, weight chart, and health.
History of the Maltese Dog Breed
The Maltese is an ancient breed that dates back over 2,000 years. Believed to have originated on the island of Malta in the Mediterranean Sea, the breed was adored by royalty and aristocrats throughout history.
Fun Fact:
Maltese dogs were often seen in the laps of Roman noblewomen, who viewed them as status symbols and loyal companions.
Throughout history, this breed has also been known by names like:
- The “Melitae Dog”
- Roman Ladies’ Dog
- Comforter Dog
The Maltese we know today has been refined through careful breeding in Europe, particularly in England, and remains a symbol of elegance and charm.
Maltese Temperament and Personality
Despite their royal appearance, Maltese dogs are playful, affectionate, and full of personality. They thrive on human interaction and make wonderful companions for individuals, families, and seniors alike.
Key Traits:
- Loving and loyal
- Alert and lively
- Great with children and other pets (when socialized early)
- Can be stubborn during training
- Sensitive to harsh tones—respond best to positive reinforcement
Best for: Apartment dwellers, first-time dog owners, families with gentle children, and those looking for a hypoallergenic companion.
Maltese Puppies: What to Expect
Bringing home a Maltese puppy means opening your life to a tiny, energetic fluff ball that needs lots of love, consistency, and training.
Puppy Care Tips:
- Start training and socialization early (8-16 weeks)
- Crate training helps with housebreaking
- Supervise around small children due to their size
- Regular grooming is a must from day one
Maltese puppies are smart but can be a bit bossy—so early boundaries help shape their behavior.
Maltese Weight Chart by Age
Monitoring your Maltese’s growth helps ensure they’re developing properly.
| Age | Weight Range (lbs) |
|---|---|
| 8 Weeks | 1.5 – 2.5 lbs |
| 3 Months | 2 – 4 lbs |
| 6 Months | 4 – 5.5 lbs |
| 9 Months | 4.5 – 6.5 lbs |
| 1 Year | 5 – 7 lbs |
| Adult | 4 – 7 lbs (ideal) |
Note: Overfeeding can lead to obesity, which is especially dangerous for toy breeds like the Maltese.
Maltese Diet & Nutrition
A balanced diet is critical to keep your Maltese healthy, energetic, and looking great.
Nutritional Needs:
- High-quality protein for lean muscle
- Healthy fats for coat health and energy
- Omega-3 and Omega-6 for skin and immune support
- Small kibble size or wet food for toy breeds
Feeding Tips:
- Divide meals into 2–3 small portions per day
- Avoid human food, especially toxic items like chocolate, grapes, or onions
- Provide fresh water at all times
Recommended Diet: Grain-free or limited ingredient diets are often preferred due to their sensitive stomachs.
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Training a Maltese: Tips and Tricks
Maltese dogs are intelligent and eager to please, but their stubborn streak can make training a challenge without consistency.
Training Musts:
- Use positive reinforcement only (treats, praise, play)
- Keep training sessions short (5–10 minutes)
- Focus on potty training early—it can take a bit longer with small breeds
- Introduce basic commands like “sit,” “stay,” and “come” early on
Socialization:
Expose them to different environments, people, and pets early to prevent anxiety or excessive barking.
Common Health Issues in Maltese Dogs
While generally healthy, Maltese dogs can be prone to certain breed-specific health problems.
Health Conditions to Watch:
- Luxating Patella (knee dislocation)
- Dental disease – Brush their teeth regularly
- Collapsed trachea – Use a harness instead of a collar
- White Shaker Syndrome – Neurological tremors in puppies or young adults
- Tear staining – Common due to shallow eye sockets
Vet visits every 6–12 months and annual dental cleanings are crucial for long-term health.
Basic Maltese Breed Information
| Trait | Description |
|---|---|
| Breed Group | Toy Group |
| Size | Small |
| Weight | 4 – 7 lbs |
| Height | 7 – 9 inches |
| Lifespan | 12 – 15 years |
| Coat Type | Long, silky, white |
| Shedding | Low (hypoallergenic) |
| Grooming Needs | High (daily brushing) |
| Exercise Needs | Moderate (20–30 min/day) |
| Temperament | Affectionate, lively, intelligent |
| Good with Kids | Yes (with supervision) |
| Trainability | Moderate to high (can be stubborn) |
Grooming and Coat Care
The Maltese’s beautiful coat requires daily care to avoid matting and staining.
Grooming Tips:
- Brush daily with a pin brush or comb
- Bathe every 2–3 weeks
- Use tear stain wipes or natural remedies
- Schedule professional grooming every 4–6 weeks
If you’re not showing your dog, many owners opt for a puppy cut for easier maintenance.
Final Thoughts: Is the Maltese Right for You?
The Maltese dog is an ideal companion for those who want a small, elegant dog with a huge heart and affectionate personality. They thrive in loving homes where they’re treated like family. While their grooming needs can be high, their loyalty, charm, and playful nature make it all worth it.
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